3 Legal use of the concept in the United States.1.2 In the context of scientific racism.Those affected were often referred to as 'Mongoloids' or in terms of ' Mongolian idiocy' or 'Mongolian imbecility'. The term Mongoloid has had a second usage referencing people with Down syndrome, now generally regarded as highly offensive. In 2019, the American Association of Biological Anthropologists stated: 'The belief in 'races' as natural aspects of human biology, and the structures of inequality (racism) that emerge from such beliefs, are among the most damaging elements in the human experience both today and in the past.' With the rise of modern genetics, the concept of distinct human races in a biological sense has become obsolete. It was further developed by Western scholars in the context of racist ideologies during the age of colonialism.

The concept of dividing humankind into the Mongoloid, Caucasoid, and Negroid races was introduced in the 1780s by members of the Göttingen School of History. In the past, other terms such as ' Mongolian race', 'yellow', 'Asiatic' and ' Oriental' have been used as synonyms. The term is derived from a now-disproven theory of biological race. l ɔɪ d/ ) is an obsolete racial grouping of various peoples indigenous to large parts of Asia, the Americas, and some regions in Europe and Oceania.

For other uses, see Mongoloid (disambiguation).

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